by F Zhou · 2025 · Cited by 2 — In the present study, we aimed to investigate the toxicity and underlying mechanisms of indole SCs JWH-018 and JWH-019 in mice (C57BL/6, male, 6
by F Zhou · Cited by 2 — Unveiling the toxicity of JWH-018 and JWH-019: Insights from behavioral and molecular studies in vivo and vitro · Authors · Affiliations.
by O Malyshevskaya · 2017 · Cited by 51 — Natural cannabinoids and their synthetic substitutes are the most widely used recreational drugs. Numerous clinical cases describe acu
Sep 16, 2023 — The starting material for the preparation of JWH018 is 1-nafindole or JWH 011. From 100 grams of 1-nafindole comes from 100 to 150 grams of JWH 018 oil.
JWH-018, arguably the most widely known synthetic cannabinoid, belongs to the group of aminoalkylindoles and is considered to be three times as potent as THC.
by JS Elmore · 2018 · Cited by 27 — Repeated Exposure to the “Spice” Cannabinoid JWH-018 Induces Tolerance and Enhances Responsiveness to 5-HT1A Receptor Stimulation in Mal
JWH-018 liquid is a synthetic cannabinoid that is known for its potent effects when used in vaping devices. Derived from a class of chemicals known as indoles, ...
Aug 28, 2025 — Synthetic cannabinoids constitute the second largest and most diverse category of new psychoactive substances (NPS) available on the market ...
by KA Seely · 2012 · Cited by 79 — This study investigated the affinity and activity of a major metabolite, JWH-018-N-(5-hydroxypentyl) β-d-glucuronide (018-gluc), for CB1Rs.
Background: JWH-018 was the first synthetic cannabinoid introduced as a legal high and the first of the new generation of novel psychoactive substances that ...
by SW Toennes · 2017 · Cited by 44 — Therefore, a pilot study was performed to assess adverse effects of JWH-018, which is one of the oldest and best known synthetic cannabinoi
Aug 6, 2025 — JWH-018 is a potent cannabinoid receptor agonist. Little is known about its pharmacology and toxicology in humans. This is the first research ...